FOCUS Bias, viewpoint, audience, analysis.

ARTICLE On Friday morning, Greenfield Primary School held its sports carnival under a grey sky. At first, everyone hoped the rain would pass, but by the second race it was falling steadily across the oval. Teachers quickly moved some events under cover, parents opened umbrellas along the fence, and older students helped younger children carry bags and water bottles. Some races had to be delayed, and the long jump was cancelled, yet the cheering did not stop.

By lunchtime, the weather had become part of the story. Students clapped for runners who slipped and still got up again. House captains called out encouragement across the wet grass. One teacher joked that the relay teams now needed "rain courage" as much as speed. Even the families waiting under the shelter kept smiling and applauding. The final race of the day was held on a damp track, and every runner reached the finish line while their classmates shouted with excitement.

Teachers quickly moved some events under cover, parents opened umbrellas along the fence, and older students helped younger children carry bags and water bottles.

When the principal spoke at the end of the carnival, she did not describe the day as a disaster. She said it had shown teamwork, patience, and a positive attitude. The weather had changed the plan, but it had not taken away the spirit of the event.

TEXT TO ANALYSE Imagine two headlines written about the same day: 1. Sports Day Ruined by Terrible Weather 2. Students Stay Cheerful During Rainy Sports Day

ANALYSIS Both headlines are about the same event, but they lead the reader toward different feelings. The first headline uses the words ruined and terrible, so the reader expects a negative story. The second headline uses cheerful and rainy, which still tells the truth about the weather but focuses more on the students' attitude.

VIEWPOINT A viewpoint is the way a writer chooses to show an event. One writer may focus on problems. Another may focus on courage or effort.

BIAS Bias means leaning more strongly toward one side of the story. These headlines are not invented, but they highlight different parts of the truth.

AUDIENCE If the writer wants readers to feel disappointed, the first headline may work better. If the writer wants families to feel proud of the students, the second headline may be more effective.

AFTER YOU READ Which headline would make a parent feel more positive about the day, and why?